THE CYBERHOBBIT

Version 1.0
©1997 Cyberhobbit

Once upon a time there lived a Hobbit in a little cave, in a world where there were not many hobbits around anymore, but where there were mainly humans and human technology could be found nearly everywhere. As you may know

"hobbits are an unobstrusive but very ancient people, more numerous formerly than they are today; for they love peace and quiet tilled earth... They do not and did not understand or like machines more complicated than a forge-bellows, a water-mill, or a hand-loom, though they were skilful with tools. Even in ancient days they were, as a rule, shy of 'the Big Folk', as they call us, and now they avoid us with dismay and are becoming hard to find. They are quick of hearing and sharp-eyed... They possessed from the first the art of disappearing swiftly and silently, when large folk whom they do not wish to meet come blundering by; and this art they have developed until Men it may seem magical. But Hobbits have never in fact studied magic of any kind, and their elusiveness is due solely to a professional skill that heredity and practice, and a close friendship with the earth, have rendered inimitable by bigger and clumsier races...Of old they spoke the languages of Men, after their own fashion, and liked and disliked much the same things as Men did." (Tolkien 17f.)

Though they in general liked peace and quietness there could be found under hobbits also some, who were very keen on adventures and who wanted to know, how the world around them functioned. This story here deals with one of these adventurous hobbits, his name was Bilbo Cyber and he became later known as the Cyberhobbit. Where he lived there were not many other hobbits around, but there was mainly Big Folk living around. When he was still young he already had the first experience with human technology. Once he found a huge metal box, with doors, windows and four rubber wheels parked nearby his cave. He did not have a clue how it came here or who it belonged to, but he could manage to climb in and sit in one of the chairs and was fascinated by all the switches, that switched on some light, cleaned or opened windows or let fresh air stream in. When he pressed another knot he got a real shock, because suddenly a human was talking to him and he immediately wanted to disappear. It took him a while to realise that the voice was not the owner of the car, who had come back without him noticing but the voice came out of the speaker of the so called radio. He was so fascinated by this voice and the music, that came out of this little box, that he nearly did not notice when the owner of the car was really coming back. So just before the owner of this box had the chance to discover him, our hobbit climbed to the rear-seats of the car and hid there.

He wanted to climb out a little bit later, but suddenly there was a loud noise and the whole box started moving. He was very scarred but still even more surprised. He had nearly tried all the switches but he had not found the one which made this vehicle move and that seemed to be the whole sense of this box. The human was not even interested in all the other switches. Bilbo Cyber could not jump out so he had to stay in this vehicle until the journey was over. They came to a big town were many Big Folks lived. He was really excited and watched all these humans how they lived in houses and machines, an artificial nature a kind of second nature which they had build around themselves. There were also lots of people who were starring into windows which they called screens, listening to small boxes which they called radio or speaking to even smaller boxes which they called telephone, just if they were talking to another human. Some were also typing on keyboards in front of so called computers while starring in the sccreen. All these people were surrounded by an even more artificial nature something like a third nature, a mediated environment. He found this all very interesting, but after a while he was so scarred of being discovered that he walked the long way back to his cave. This experience left a deep impression at him. From now on he was interested in human technology. The big machines, like the car he had the ride with, he did not like so much. He could not use them anyway, because he was far too small to handle them, but these tiny electronic microtechnologies really interested him. He was far too scarred to go back to this town and so since then he searched every car which came near to his cave for those microtechnological devices. After a while he had found everything he wanted, a little transistorradio, a portable television and a laptop-computer which was in a strange way connected to a little telephone. He collected all these things in his caves. They stopped working after a little while, but when he told his friend, the wizard Gandalf about it, he managed to get them back to work with a little magic, which he called the 'eternal power-supply'.

And so Bilbo Cyber alias Cyberhobbit, as he became known later, started to study these media in his little media-lab and he started to collect mediatheories and started creating his own.

He stayed now so much in his cave philosophizing about media, that for him everything, absolutely everything was or became a medium. Even the tree outside his cave window, he viewed as a medium as the state of the tree told him, which time of the year it was and that the pollution of the air has gotten worse and so on. The tree transmitted information and meaning to him. So for him it was a medium and so was any other object. Everything was a medium as any object seemed to extend either his body, senses or mind. There was no fundamental difference between the tree, the car or the electonic media he had found.

The car he once sat in was a medium as it was the extension of the foot and the power of his driver, electronic media were extensions of certain senses, the TV an extension of the eyes, the telephone an extension of the ears and the voice.

When he watched TV he could see pictures from the whole world, when he listened radio he could listen to news from the whole world. He felt that his eyes and ears were empowered through these extensions.

But there was also another thing that stroke his mind, when he once tried to use the telephone. He just dialed any number and spoke to the voice at the other end. He tried to explain that he was a hobbit sitting in his cave and told the voice of his interest in media. But no matter how many numbers he tried nobody wanted to believe him his story. They said it is not true what he is saying, that he is faking. He was disappointed about that, but after a while he had a tormenting thought: If the humans did not believe in his story, why should he believe in their stories, why should he believe in what came on the radio or in TV. Maybe this was all not true either.

So he spent a long time thinking about the question, what made reality be reality. He read philosophers from Plato to Descartes, but they all seemed to say something different. He starred out of the window and compared this picture, with the pictures on TV and this picture once again with the pictures he could create on his computer, which he learned to use better and better.

He at first still believed that the pictures in the TV and the reports in the radio were representation of the reality, but it was somewhat more difficult with the pictures on his computerscreen. At his computer he mostly enjoyed tools with which he could create virtual realities, games like SimCity® for example, where he was the master of a whole world which he could manipulate like God. Though these pictures looked very similar to what he saw out of his window, he knew that those cannot be real in a strict sense, because he just created them, he simulated these realities. They were just virtual realities. Virtual reality, what a strange word?

On the one side he thought this word was an oxymoron as things cannot be real and virtual at the same time, but on the other side it was also a kind of pleonasm. Everything is virtual real before it can become reality. So why not just call it reality or virtuality?

Everything seemed to be kind of hyperreal. He soon started believing that the pictures on his TV or computer screen were more real than the picture 'on' his window. The picture on the screen he could view from every angle and see the very deep structure of them, by zooming in and out. These pictures were therfore some sort of hyperreal. For him this was more real than the sky out of his window, where he did not understand why there were all the stars and why some were falling off in form of shooting stars. But it seems as if this reality outside his window was also just created by a very powerful computer. Maybe God was just a very talented programmer with a incredible fast computer and he himself, Bilbo Cyber, was just a virtual being as he sat here in front of his computer, reflecting about virtual reality. But who cared anyway. One thing was for sure, he was real as he could think: 'cogito ergo sum'. He was even more real as he could communicate: 'communico ergo sum'. And the pictures and sounds of his computer were as real as the ones on TV or in the radio. All media seemed to be media of simulation. And as he already redefined every object as medium, he had to get rid of the old-fashioned representation-concept of reality. The concept of reality had shifted for him to the concept of hyperreality.

Oh, that was a lot of thinking for little Bilbo Cyber and after having a last look out of his window, where he could see the virtual science fiction reality of the sky, he went to bed, but even there he could still not stop thinking. So the question what reality was even followed him in his dreams. In this night he had a dream where a voice invited him to Cyberspace and promised a paradise program.

Immediately he woke up and suddenly he remembered that there was on his computer a little folder with the title 'Cyberspace', which he had never open and tried what was in there. So he switched on his computer and clicked the cyberspace-button, suddenly the telephone, that was still connected to his computer started dialing a number and on his screen appeared a message from another computer with the words: 'You are accessing the internet. Welcome to cyberspace'. What was this cyberspace? As he soon found out, cyberspace was a fuzzy term in between science fiction and social reality. But for him it was real anyway.

Cyberspace was obviously a space one could visit in using a computer and a telephone and suddenly he started to understand what the whole thing with the computer was all about, why so many people in town he had seen were spending so much time in front of them. It was all about accessing Cyberspace. He just felt like many years ago when he was sitting in a car for the first time, playing around with all the switches and missing the point what this thing was all about: driving. He always had an uneasy feeling about the computer, so far it was just a wordprocessor and game-machine, but not a medium of communication like the other devices he had picked up. Now he understood the real sense of the computer: it was all about being online. It was a medium of communication and a by far more powerful than his other devices. a computer was a kind of teleport to a parallel worl, a new dimension, which the Big Folk had created. They saw this space which they also called Cyberia as something like a new continent to explore, like they once explored America and in doing so they even thought to come to a new step of evolution, to something like posthumans.

And in fact there was a lot to do in Cyberspace. He spent weeks trying everything out what he could find there, but the possibilities seemed to be endless. He browsed through thousands of newsgroups, where people were discussing and announcing any kind of things. He surfed through the WorldWideWeb, where he could access millions of pages, virtual libraries and whole digital cities. There he could also spent a lot of time just listening to music, watching pictures or videos or even playing games. The whole WWW was for him just like an interactive book with many million pages and instead of a table of contents it was organised by hyperlinks which made the whole thing totally different to reading a book, because he himself created the whole story by reading it the way he wanted to read. And in this book he could walk around with a little avatar he built up once.

He was this way already accessing information from the internet for weeks when he had a dream at night again, a very long one this time. A kind of strange wizard was talking to him: From psychedelics to cybernetics, you make up your own reality. What did this mean? He had already compared often the effects of this cyberspace on himself with the effects of his pipe-weed he was sometimes smoking. And in fact he had also found many information on the net which compared the effect of cyberspace with the one of drugs. It seemed to be the predominant way in human sciences to describe the relationship between computer and user. Drugs seeto enhance the reality-degree of the virutal world inside his computer. So he smoked a pipe every time when he was accessing the internet and this way these virtual realities seemed to become even more real.

And the good thing in cyberspace was also that he was not alone as a hobbit there. There were many other hobbits around. Once while walking around in a 3D-MUD he saw a very beautiful female Hobbit, Cinderella Hobbit and he immediately fell in love with her, they even married in a big church, but nowadays they were divorced again. Once he also came across an ugly animal called Gollum, with whom he had a fight and in fact Gollum ate our little Cyberhobbit alive.

So this is the end of the fairytale, the Cyberhobbit, as the hero is dead. Well not quite, Cyberhobbit was namely something like immortal, well not really immortal, but he could have as many lives as he liked. He could travel in time as in space, and so if he died he just logged on again, with a new or his old avatar and in fact when he met Gollum again, he was prepared better this time and in fact was the winner of the fight this time.

There are many more adventures of Cyberhobbit which could be told, but Cyberhobbit still could not forget the phonecall he once had. Why did this person not believe that he, Cyberhobbit himself, was real. He tried it again, rang somebody up and told him his story, but one again the voice at the other end did not believe him. In the internet he never had problems with his reality status, just on the phone it was kind of different.

Maybe, Cyberhobbit thought, he was just a digital narrative, just a virtual identity, which a poor little student had created to surf around the internet, hanging out in the IRC and in MUDs, for the sake of writing his dissertation. So maybe he himself did not have any reality outside of his digital existence. Maybe he was not representing something real. Well, but who cared anyway, whether he was a representation or just simulation, he had something to say and so he started writing down his mediatheory.

And if he is not ready so far, he is still writing today...